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81.
《Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science》2008,13(3):141-149
Some recent trends in foam research have been directed towards the rapid production of highly monodisperse bubbles, of diameter on a scale around or below 100 μm, with surprising consequences. Such foams remain wet under gravity and order spontaneously and rapidly, forming substantial microcrystals. Previously, ordered foams have resulted only from slow processes of deliberate fabrication, or from the influence of walls in confined geometry. This opens up a wide range of new topics of interest, analogous to those of metallurgy: equilibrium crystal phases, their stability, their defects and interfaces, and phase transitions between them. The ordered structures associated with confined geometries also offer opportunities for microfluidics. Other new kinds of foam incorporate particulate matter, and are intermediate between foam and granular matter. Remarkable properties are beginning to emerge for these as well, including “superstability”, that is, a high degree of stability with respect to both coarsening and rupture. 相似文献
82.
水冷陶瓷包层是中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)的三种候选包层概念之一。基于CFETR水冷陶瓷包层的一维中子学模型,通过蒙特卡罗输运模拟程序MCNP和活化计算程序FISPACT的耦合计算,经三维转换系数修正,分析了CFETR水冷陶瓷包层时间相关产氚特性。结果表明,当CFETR运行因子为0.5,聚变功率为200MW时,水冷陶瓷包层在运行5年、10年、20年后,氚增殖率(TBR)的降低都不显著,但是年产氚剩余量的降低很明显。此外,产氚包层内初始时刻TBR对产氚特性的影响也很大。 相似文献
83.
Patterned uniformly (100)-orientated silicon nanocrystallite (SiNC) films were fabricated based on hydrogen ion implantation technique and typical electrochemical anodic etching method. The surface morphology and microstructure characteristics of the films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. The efficient field emission with low turn-on field of about 3.2 V/μm at current density of 0.1 μA/cm2 was obtained. The emission current density from the SiNC films reached 1 mA/cm2 under a bias field of about 11 V/μm. The experimental results demonstrate that the SiNC films have great potential applications for flat panel displays. 相似文献
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Shouxin Cui Wenxia Feng Haiquan Hu Zhenbao Feng Yuanxu Wang 《Solid State Communications》2009,149(15-16):612-615
We theoretically study the electronic properties and pressure induced solid–solid phase transition of Li3N by first-principles calculations. The calculations indicate a pressure-induced structural phase transition above 1.5GPa from the ambient hexagonal phase (α-Li3N) to a layered hexagonal phase (β-Li3N, P63/MMC) which is accompanied by a 21.6% volume collapse. Above 38.8 GPa, β-Li3N transforms into γ-Li3N (), and the recently reported new -phase () is not stable under high pressure. The analysis of electronic density of states suggests that various Li3N polymorphs are insulators, and the band gap is broadened with further compression. 相似文献
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《Fluid Phase Equilibria》2006,244(2):105-110
The standard partial molar volumes, viscosity B-coefficients and activation free energies of lithium salts (LiClO4 and LiBr) in propylene carbonate (PC) with 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) mixed solvents have been determined as a function of the mole fraction of DME at 298.15 K from precise density and viscosity measurements. The values studied are all positive and decrease monotonously with addition of DME in the PC, which indicates that nature of the solvents plays an important role. The effects are discussed in terms of preferential solvation and packing effect in the solvation shell and electrostriction. The differences between ClO4− and Br− have also been discussed. 相似文献
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设计了具有高时间和空间分辨率EAST 快离子Dα 的光电检测系统,它由16 路光电倍增管(PMT)和电流放大器(采用蓝宝石材料代替传统印刷板电路)构成。为了使快离子Dα (FIDA)信号在中性束注入时能从其他光源的在同一光谱范围内的谱线中检测出来,系统参数设计为整体光子-电压增益5.0×109、电流放大器增益106V/A、-3dB 带宽500kHz。实验结果表明,该光电检测系统可以很好的检测到快离子Dα (FIDA)信号,并有助于从Dα 光的多普勒偏移光谱推断快离子特性。 相似文献